The present volume does not generally focus on the question of whether thoughts (cognition) or feelings (emotion) are more functional. Rather, this introductory material is sufficient to make the case that, typically, thoughts and feelings are seen to be distinct entities with distinct effects (e.g., Epstein, 1994). Yet, it has become increasingly apparent that cognition and emotion often interact and are perhaps not isolated entities. Before outlining the content of this handbook, we consider some important statements in the literature on cognition and emotion and comment on them in light of the present contributions. There are strong, but often conflicting, theoretical statements on cognition and emotion in the psychology literature. These statements have been influential, and all likely contain a grain of truth. However, and in light of the present contributions, all such statements are likely too strong given the evidence. Accordingly, in each case, we favor a more moderate position. Table 1.1 provides a graphic overview of the theoretical statements and our rejoinders.