Clays and clay minerals are very important industrial minerals. There are well over one hundred documented industrial applications of clay materials. Clays are utilized in the process industries, in agricultural applications, in engineering and construction applications, in environmental remediations, in geology, and in many other miscellaneous applications. This book is an assimilation of the major and minor uses of clays and clay minerals and explains why an understanding of the structure and physical and chemical attributes of the individual clay minerals are so important. Clay is an abundant raw material which has an amazing variety of uses and properties that are largely dependent on their mineral structure and composition. Other than the clay structure and composition, there are several additional factors which are important in determining the properties and applications of a clay.