Given Australia’s lack of energy security strategy, it is not surprising that the country is void of institutional knowledge and know-how of Russian foreign energy strategy. The ‘lucky country’ as it were, relies entirely on sea lines of communication to the north to supply fuel and to export Australian coal and natural gas. Australia has entered the 2020s as the world’s largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) exporter; however, maintaining complacency in Canberra’s current export activities will ultimately lead to a long-term security crisis. Australia lacks institutional insight into Russian energy interests in Canberra’s prime energy market—the Asia-Pacific. This book seeks to fill this knowledge gap by providing policymakers, academics and tertiary-level students with up-to-date insight and analysis of Russia’s foreign energy strategy in the region. By comparing and contrasting this to Australia’s energy security over-reliance throughout the Asia-Pacific region (APR), this book highlights serious energy security concerns on the not too distant horizon.The concept of energy security is an age-old challenge for national strategy and, for Daniel Yergin, it consistently elicits ‘new answers’.1A constantly evolving issue, energy security is shaped by both internal state forces and external international ones. With an array of definitions and priorities, most experts at least agree on the fact that global energy demand is continuing to increase in step with dwindling known supplies of existing energy resources. Put simply, ‘easy access’ to ‘known’ or ‘proven’ energy reserves (namely hydrocarbons—oil and natural gas) is getting harder. Existing wells are dry and explored energy frontiers are in technically challenging and financially prohibitive spaces, such as the offshore Arctic Ocean. Some of the ‘new answers’ to this challenge include renewable energy sources and the development of non-traditional energy ventures.