here is an inseparable link between healthy eating and respect for environmental balance, just as there is a growing awareness of the close relationship between eating habits and food production methods. A necessary transition towards sustainable farming and food systems can only be achieved through serious and thorough intervention by politics and law.From this perspective, a study on food security fi nds its reason and its proper place within the broader “right to food” which, by its very nature, requires a multidisciplinary approach, capable of highlighting specifi cities, profi les of mutual integration and overlaps, and, even more importantly, knows how to grasp the potential balance between contrasting interests that follow paths that are not necessarily linear and coherent. In addition to food security, the right to food intersects with other important subjects: from the protection of health to relations between the State and the European Union, from public order and international prophylaxis to the protection of the environment. And if a fundamental role in this path towards sustainable development must undoubtedly be played by citizen-consumers, our study cannot disregard market analysis and the profi les of civil and criminal liability aimed at protecting the consumer.On the other hand, if in less evolved societies the main problem regards the quantity of food, in advanced societies the issue of food quality exists, because of the globalisation of the markets and technological progress applied to obtaining cheaper “unconventional” substitutes for traditional food present numerous risks to people’s health.