As evidenced by the successful area-wide insect pest control programmes described in this book, the sterile insect technique (SIT), a component of these programmes, has come of age. The technology has expanded rapidly — additional target species, new rearing techniques, better understanding of genetics and insect behaviour, and especially integration into operational area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programmes. The SIT has matured; this critical overview of its principles and practice has already greatly facilitated further research, development, and application in the field. The second edition will only accelerate such objectives. The SIT was among the first biological insect control methods designed for area-wide application. While the SIT gained its reputation in insect eradication programmes, it is essential that the scientific community now recognizes its potential as a part of IPM strategies for the area-wide suppression, containment, prevention and, where advisable, eradication of pest populations.