Nigeria is the largest producer of rice in the West Africa sub-region. Today, rice is no longer a luxury food to millions of Nigerians but has become the cereal that constitutes a major source of calories for the rural and urban poor with demand growing at an annual rate of 5%. Urbanization, changes in employment patterns, income levels, and rapid between supply and demand for rice in Nigeria. Nigeria has the potential and suitable agro-ecologies (upland, rainfed lowland, irrigated lowland, deep water and mangrove swamp) to attain production in Nigeria is estimated at 4.6 to 4.9 million hectares. But only about 1.7 million hectares of this land is presently being cropped to rice. The rainfed upland rice ecology represents 25% of the 1.7 million hectares.