Scientists regularly use microbes in their research. However, they often overlook their richness and potential for action and reaction, particularly in their attempts to control or eradicate them. Antibiotic resistance, a health scourge that is still largely underestimated, is a particularly good illustration of the consequences of industrial capitalism's massive use of microbes to manufacture antibiotics. This observation is the starting point for the thinking behind this book: the production and use of scientific knowledge are not independent of the conditions under which it is obtained. As far as microbes are concerned, the author shows the importance of taking into account the tangled and constantly evolving relationships that link them to human societies, and more generally to other living beings. What she describes as pluribiosis.