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E-book Collective Bargaining and the Gig Economy : A Traditional Tool for New Business Models
Whether a Kuhnian change of paradigms in business or simply a new way of performing traditional activities, the gig economy is a latent issue, and its regula-tion is extremely diverse in the Member States of the European Union (EU). Its very terminology is still the object of debate. The beatific initial designation of the ‘sharing economy’ is currently on the decline.1 No one overlooks the fact that this terrain is an authentic hotbed of neo-Orwellian terminology, where under no circumstances are words haphazardly chosen.The gig economy is not developed, of course, in the same way in the different Member States. Even if it is difficult to identify the real share of persons working under this formula, statistics show that there is a remarkable number of so-called ‘gig workers’ in some Member States, such as Germany, Italy and Spain. On the other hand, this phenomenon is practically non-existent in other States, for exam-ple in Poland, Romania and Hungary.The activities implemented under the name ‘gig economy’ or ‘platform econ-omy’ vary from each other; numerous divergent classifications exist. Nonetheless, the most straightforward classification includes, in one group, the so-called ‘offline activities’ that may be redirected to the idea of ‘work on demand’, and, in the other group, the so-called ‘online activities’ that may be tagged as ‘crowdwork’.Riders, drivers and domestic helpers are some of the most characteristic exam-ples of the offline activities. They are usually at the centre of studies on the gig economy but are also at the core of the discussion when considering the collec-tive dimension of labour law in the gig economy, as this book will do. The most remarkable new forms of collective expression can be found in these fields of ctivity. The first successful experiences of collective bargaining have taken place, actually, in these branches of activity. Why? The simplest explanation leads to their physical nature, being services that have existed for a long time, and which are now offered on the market under a new model of business, based on platforms and apps. Human proximity leads to the creation of community and that has been the road to a common expression of interests, connecting on-demand workers with traditional actors in the field of labour collective relations: trade unions.
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