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E-book Droplet Dynamics Under Extreme Ambient Conditions
Many processes in nature and technology are influenced by droplet dynamics. Theseinclude ubiquitous phenomena and applications, such as rain clouds or fuel injec-tion into combustion chambers, but also highly advanced devices such as rocketengines or spray based production processes in the pharmaceutical industry. Dueto their omnipresence, droplets have been the focus of scientific interest for a longtime: Plateau [34] and Lord Rayleigh [38] for example studied the generation ofdroplets from liquid jets under the influence of surface tension in the 19th century.The books of Pruppacher and Klett [37] and of Lefebvre [23] can be seen as seminalworks in the field of droplets in nature or engineering, respectively. While there aremany scientific results available about droplet processes in complex systems, theyare often restricted to moderate ambient conditions. However, many processes takeplace under extreme ambient conditions. This holds for the near critical or super-critical conditions in modern combustion engines as well as for thunderstorm cloudswith their high electric fields or supercooled droplets impinging on airplane wings,to name just a few examples. Much less research has been conducted in these areas,which is due to the increased effort in theoretical and numerical modelling or thenecessary complexity of experimental equipment. Therefore, detailed research inthis area not only demands extensive methodological development or improvementof experimental techniques and numerical models, but also very close interactionbetween numerical and experimental research. Thus, the consequential involvementof expertise from fields like thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, mathematics, com-puter sciences, electrical engineering and visualization is required. The SFB-TRR 75combined the knowledge and expertise of scientists from all the above-mentioneddisciplines. The improvement and extension of the mathematical and numerical modelling ofmultiphase interfaces were the focus of subprojects in Research Area A. The devel-opment of simulation tools for the direct numerical simulation of droplets in the fullycompressible regime was the objective in SP-A2 and SP-A3.
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