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E-book Micro, Meso and Macro Dynamics of the Brain

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Penilaian

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Neural systems are characterized by wide dynamic range, robustness, plasticity, andyet stability. How these competing ingredients are amalgamated into a system inwhich they all‘live’peacefully together is a key question to address and understandin neuroscience. Neuronal firing rates, synaptic weights, and population synchronyshow several orders of magnitude distribution. This skewed dynamics is supportedby a neuronal substrate with equally skewed statistics from the highly skeweddistribution of synapse sizes to axon diameters and to macroscopic connectivity.How these different levels of anatomical and physiological organizations interactwith each other to perform effectively was the topic of a recent event organized bythe Fondation Ipsen:Colloque Me ?decine et Rechercheon the “Micro-, Meso- andMacro-dynamics of the brain” (Paris, April 13, 2015). The participants of thissymposium addressed the issues why such a multilevel organization is needed forthe brain to orchestrate perceptions, thoughts, and actions, and this volume grew outof those discussions. The individual chapters cover several fascinating facets ofcontemporary neuroscience from elementary computation of neurons, mesoscopicnetwork oscillations, internally generated assembly sequences in the service ofcognition, large-scale neuronal interactions within and across systems, the impactof sleep on cognition, memory, motor-sensory integration, spatial navigation, large-scale computation, and consciousness. Each of these topics requires appropriatelevels of analyses with sufficiently high temporal and spatial resolution of neuronalactivity in both local and global networks, supplemented by models and theories toexplain how different levels of brain dynamics interact with each other and how thefailure of such interactions results in neurologic and mental disease. While suchcomplex questions cannot be answered exhaustively by a dozen or so chapters, thisvolume offers a nice synthesis of current thinking and work-in-progress on micro-,meso-, and macrodynamics of the brain. In memory, the continuous flow of experience is punctuated at mean-ingful boundaries between one episode and the next. When salient events areseparated by increasing amounts of space or time, memory systems can accommo-date in two ways. One option is to increase the amount of neural resources devotedto longer event segments. The other is to maintain the same neural resources withsacrificed spatiotemporal resolution. Here we review how the spatial coding systemis affected by the segmentation of space by goals and boundaries. We argue that theresolution of the place code is dictated by the amount of space encoded withinperiods of theta. Thus, the theta cycle is viewed as a‘neural word’that segregatessegments of space and its cognitive equivalents (memory, planning). In support ofthis conclusion, we report that, as rats traverse a linear track, the beginning of ajourney is represented at the falling phase of theta whereas the journey’s end isrepresented on the ascending phase. The current location is represented in thetemporal context of the past and future event boundaries. These results arediscussed in relation to the changes in physiology observed across the longitudinalaxis of the hippocampus, with a special consideration for how sequence informationcould be integrated by downstream‘reader’neurons.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

616.8 AIL m

Penerbit

Switzerland : Springer Nature., 2016

Deskripsi Fisik

181 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9783319288024

Klasifikasi

616.8

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Diseases of Nervous System

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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