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E-book Home-Based Work and Home-Based Workers (1800-2021)
All over the world there are women and men who work and produce for the market within the space of their own homes, or together with neighbours in collective local spaces. They stitch shoes, sew and embellish garments, weave carpets, make baskets, prepare and sell food, assemble electronics and perform computer-based tasks amongst other forms of labour. They pro-duce for a wide range of industries and services: textiles, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, tech– such as assemblage of parts for technological devises –tobacco, wood, food, education, as well as more recent forms of digital work, for instance, graphic design, programming, text production and translation. In 2019, drawing on household surveys in 118 countries, the International Labour Organization (ilo) estimated that there were around 260 million home-based workers worldwide, representing 7.9 per cent of global employ-ment.1 Yet an accurate count of the actual number of people—particularlywomen—who earn their living by working in their homes is still elusive, since many labour force surveys do not take this type of work into account, or fail to define and include it adequately. Buried in statistical obscurity and often omitted from labour laws, the conditions of their work are hidden from pub-lic view as an effect of its location in private spaces, and even their worker status is often denied through misrepresentation of home-based productive labour as leisure activities. No doubt, the overwhelming social perception of public spaces such as the factory, the office, the classroom, the laboratory, the shopping mall or arcade—all designated “workplaces” as distinct from what is considered the private world of “homes”—has reinforced the neglect of the home as a site of production and labour. Despite having contributed signif-icantly to production in basically all sectors of the economy through centu-ries, home-based workers have remained largely invisible, unrecognized and undervalued.
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