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E-book Wind Power Deployment in Urbanised Regions : An Institutional Analysis of Planning and Implementation

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Penilaian

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In 2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned that continued emission of greenhouse gases would have severe impacts on people and ecosystems. However, the implementation of climate policies is being delayed. Despite the growing number of policies to mitigate climate change, global emissions have been rising to ‘unprecedented levels’(IPCC, 2014). In reaction to this worrying trend, at the Paris climate conferencein December 2015, some 195countries set up a global action plan to put the world on track and avoid dangerous climate change. The Paris Climate Agreement spoke about the ‘significant gap’between the effect of countries’mitigation pledges and the pathways required to reduce greenhouse gases (UNFCCC, 2015). It adopted a legally binding global climate deal: to keep a global temperature rise well below two degrees Celsius. Hence it has become urgent not only to decide on climate and energy targets, but to actually reachthem.Parties that signed the Paris Agreement are to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by promoting sustainable development; decarbonizing the electricity supply is among the most important measures. This involves the phasing out of fossil fuel power generation by 2100 and its replacement by renewable and other low-carbon energy sources (IPCC, 2014). Thus, from the perspective of the IPCC and Paris Agreement, renewable energy is considered a suitable and very promising alternative to fossil energy. This description of the potential contribution of renewable energy has been repeated in climate and energy reports, as well as in policies allover the world. It is expressed in standard unit sizes such as ‘CO2e’1or ‘Mtoe’,2which highlight the political goal: to overcome reliance on fossil fuels with regard to greenhouse gas emissions. The dominant paradigm in international energy and climatepolicy is thus to theorise and generalise different forms of energy generation to be able to assess collective energy developments and define goals from an international perspective, and communicate about them. However, as Shove (2017) critically commented in her ground-breaking article on energy and social practice, this way of thinking runs the risk of stripping energy of the specific setting in which it is produced and used: Despite this description, renewables are not ‘oil equivalent’: they are not depleted or stored in the same way, the scale of the ‘resource’cannot be estimated in the same terms, and there are distinctive and important variations in the timing and location of harvesting or ‘production’. Sincethere are significant losses involved in converting renewable energy into forms that can be transported over any distance, or stored on any scale there is a distinctive immediacy to the relation between supply and demand.(Shove, 2017)According to Shove, approaching the contribution of renewableenergy as ‘oil equivalent’could potentially disturb the entire fight against climate change. This is confirmed by Breukers and Wolsink (2007, p.2748), who argued that, in the case of wind energy, renewable energy could become ‘a victim of its own success’, for instance if there is no suitable, context-related approach to its implementation.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

621.042 NAB w

Penerbit

Austria : TU Wien Academic Press., 2020

Deskripsi Fisik

238 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9783854480334

Klasifikasi

621.042

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Energy Engineering

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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