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E-book The Land Is Our Community : Aldo Leopold’s Environmental Ethic for the New Millennium
his is a book about Aldo Leopold’s land ethic,1 a view he developed over the course of his lifetime, a view that was informed by his experiences as a hunter, forester, wildlife manager, ecologist, con-servationist, and professor. It culminated in the essay “The Land Ethic” in A Sand County Almanac, published posthumously after his untimely death at age sixty-one in 1948. It has been extremely in-fluential in environmental ethics as well as conservation biology and related fields, especially the fields that he was involved with. The land ethic called for an expansion of our ethical obligations beyond the purely human to include what he variously called the “land community” or the “biotic community”—communities of in-terdependent humans, nonhuman animals, plants, soils, and waters, understood collectively.Using an approach grounded in environmental ethics and the history and philosophy of science, I offer a new interpretation of Leopold’s land ethic and a new defense of it in light of contemporary ecology. Despite the enormous influence of the land ethic, it has sometimes been prematurely dismissed as either empirically out of date or ethically flawed. However, these dismissals are unfounded; they are based on problematic interpretations of Leopold’s land ethic. Previous interpretations have failed to do a proper historical and philosophical (conceptual) analysis; they have failed to provide sufficient textual evidence and have failed to take into account rel-evant parts of Leopold’s life and work.2 In this book, I provide new, more defensible interpretations of the central concepts underlying Leopold’s land ethic: interdependence, land community, and land health. I also provide a new and more defensible interpretation of his argument for extending our ethics to include land communities and Leopold-inspired guidelines for how the land ethic can guide conservation and restoration policy.
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