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E-book Efficient Screening Techniques to Identify Mutants with TR4 Resistance in Banana

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Penilaian

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Bananas and plantains are among the most important staple food crops for peopleliving in tropical and subtropical countries. They are herbaceous monocots belong-ing to the genusMusa; most are seedless, polyploid, sterile and clonally propagated.The majority of banana and plantains are consumed locally.Vegetatively propagated crops (VPCs) such as banana pose unique problemscompared to cereals because they have a reduced genetic diversity as they can’tbecross pollinated to enhance variation. Furthermore, because of its triploid partheno-carpic nature, bananas do not produce seeds and conventional breeding is thus a longprocess. Advances in biotechnology for crop improvement have had a great impacton vegetatively propagated crops (Gosal et al.2010). Biotechnology based on tissueculture is complementary to conventional breeding technology.One advantage of vegetatively propagated crops is that methods have been devel-oped for rapid clonal propagation. Micropropagation is currently used in manycountries for rapid propagation of disease-free planting material for distribution on alarge scale. Such tissue culture techniques that ensure genetic stability (e.g. usingshoot tip/nodal cultures for propagation) are particularly useful forin vitromutationinduction and maintenance of mutant plant populations. This technique is also ofparticular interest to breeders since the multiplication of the new lines forfield trialsand evaluation could be hastened, thereby shortening the time required for the releaseof new cultivars.In vitrotechniques also offer possibilities to use induced mutation forfurther manipulation aimed at improvement. New genetic variation conferring adesirable trait can befixed, and identical material rapidly deployed.The structure of meristematic regions and the development of new meristemsfrom differentiated tissue are particularly important when investigating radiation-induced mutation of vegetatively propagated crops (VPCs). In most cases, the newshoots originate from a single epidermal cell from a tissue, and this could directlylead to homohistant mutant plants whose genetics may be investigated further(Spencer-Lopes et al.2018).One of most critical prerequisites for successful mutation breeding is the deter-mination of the optimal mutagen dose. The dose required for a particular experimentdepends on the desired effects but may be restricted by undesirable effects of themutagenic treatment, which could lead to lethality. There is a strong correlationbetween the genotype and the sensitivity of the plant material to the mutagenictreatments in plants (Jankowicz-Cieslak et al.2012). The dose increase causes severemutations, such as chromosomal aberrations, and can cause cell damage and subse-quently death. While little is known for VPCs, the data from seed propagated plantssuggests thatfine-tuning of dose applied may be needed. Therefore, radiationsensitivity tests should be carried out to determine the mutagen dose that results ina 50 percent reduction in e.g., plant height or plant weight. In practice, a breederapplying irradiation treatment on vegetatively propagated crops may decide to settlefor a growth reduction of 30–50 percent (GR30–50) for M1V1plants or a survivalrate of 40–60 percent depending on the sensitivity of the plant material. An equalnumber of control materials for the comparison should be planted at the same time.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

576.53 AHM e

Penerbit

Germany : Springer Nature., 2022

Deskripsi Fisik

191 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9783662649152

Klasifikasi

576.53

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Genotypes, Phenotypes

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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