Absolute costadvantagescanplacecompetitors ata cost disadvantage, even if the scale of operations is similar for both firms. Such cost advantages can arise from an advanced position along the learning curve, where average costs decline as cumulative output rises over time. This differs from economies of scale, which involves the relationship between average costs and the output level per period…
Unmanned helicopters pose a challenge to nonlinear control design and development. Unmanned helicopters are inherently unstable without closed loop control, setting it apart from many other classes of mechanical systems that possess desirable structural properties such as passivity or dissipativity. In addition, helicopter dynamics are highly nonlinear and strongly coupled, and therefore dis…