Welcome to the 4th edition of this handbook. Over the previous editions, we have tried to evolve the content and style to make the book more accessible and useful to our readers. This has continued in edition four with alterations, in response to reader feedback and as a result of new data emerging in many cancer fields. Oncology has continued to produce novel diagnostics, treatment strategies,…
Available beds in any correctional facility have a tendency to become filled—no matter what the size of the facility. Jail crowding is a symptom of the policies and practices of the larger criminal justice system. The changes that have occurred in the nation’s jail population during the past 30 years provide evidence that policy shifts alone can bring about dramatic changes in the demand fo…
The ‘knowledge turn’ has been accompanied by the emergence of the school curriculum as a more clearly delineated discursive object. In the past, the curriculum tended to be assumed: a natural aggregate of whatever subjects that schools were teaching. Today, due to develop-ments external and internal to education, the curriculum is argued to be of central impor…
Planet Earth is an ocean planet. We can hardly ignore the fact that the ocean covers almost two thirds of our planet. Since the dawn of time, humankind has had an ambivalent relationship with the immensity and hostility of this very specific environment. However, the ocean holds a strong attraction for human societies, with nearly 40% of the world’s population living less than 100 km from the…
Why is it that we so readily accept the boundary lines drawn around nations or around regions like ‘Asia’ as though they were natural and self-evident, when in fact they are so mutable and often so very arbitrary? What happens to people not only when the borders they seek to cross become heavily guarded, but also when new borders are drawn straight through the middle of their lives? The ess…
Mamalia atau binatang menyusui adalah binatang yang paling dikenal, sebab semua hewan mamalia cukup besar. Tidak semua mamalia bentuknya serupa. Tikus dan gajah, kampret dan ikan paus, bentuknya sangat berlainan, tetapi didalam beberapa hal mereka sama saja. Semua hewan mamalia bertulang belakang, berdarah panas, tubuhnya tetap panas sekalipun udara atau air disekelilingnya dingin. Hanya burun…
Ada empat belas jenis benda tergambar, tidak sukar menyebutkan nama benda itu masing-masing karena tiap-tiap nemda itu mempunyai sesuatu sifat serta keanehan yang menyebabkan benda itu tidak serupa.