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E-book Basic Pathology : An Introduction to the Mechanisms of Disease
Almost anything can cause ‘disease’ if the conditions are right. For example, water is essential for life but if taken in extreme excess or given intravenously, particularly in a patient with kidney failure, it can cause problems. In this situation, the body is unable to respond adequately so homeostasis is not maintained and a ‘disease state’ occurs.What may be harmless to one person may cause disease in another. A sudden drop in oxygen during a flight may not affect most of the passengers but could be potentially serious to a person with sickle cell disease (page 69). Thus there is interplay between the potential causes of disease and the potential victim. Factors that predispose an individual to disease may occur at many levels.They may be genetic and inherited from parents, such as a predisposition to cancer or Huntington’s chorea (a neurological disorder), congenital, i.e. present from birth but not necessarily genetic and could be acquired during fetal life because of conditions in the uterus, or may be acquired during life. Such factors often combine with others to produce disease.
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