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E-book Negotiating Nursing
The Second World War was a new type of war; it was a global, mobile and unpredictable war. It was ‘among the most destructive conflicts in human history’, in which over forty-six million people perished, often in the most frightening and inhuman conditions.1 The latter years of the inter-war period witnessed a modernisation of the mili-tary technologies that had been used in the First World War. These developments created tanks, submarines and aeroplanes that could transport guns and bombs over vast areas of land and sea far more rapidly than their predecessors could, and with increasingly devastat-ing results. These technologies along with the impulse to use them led the ‘commonplace military requirement [to kill] to new depths’.2Improvements in land, sea and airborne transport enabled mass mobilisation of forces into hostile environments such as the deserts of the Middle East and North Africa and the jungles of South-East Asia. Battles that were waged so far from Britain needed men, and even with ever more sophisticated modes of transport it took time to post new soldiers to these far-flung war zones. It was therefore critical to success that men already present in these theatres of war were ‘fighting-fit’.3 The mobility of battles of the Second World War, brought on by ‘technological advances in destructive capabilities’ necessitated a complete transformation of the techniques needed to manage the injuries and illnesses of war.4 The frequency of injuries sustained by modern weaponry and the diseases developed in alien places needed a new type of medical service – one that was present near the battle zones and could recover men’s bodies quickly to return them to combat.
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