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E-book Ecology of Fish Community : Niche Modeling Based on Fish Morphological Parameters

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Penilaian

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A biological community refers to the distribution of organisms in a certain time andspace, usually including animals, plants, microorganisms, and other species popu-lations. Biological communities are the living parts of an ecosystem. Biologicalcommunities depend on the environment; usually, each environment has a corre-sponding specific biological community. Therefore, the ecological environmentincludes the biological community and the biological habitat. More complex envi-ronmental conditions imply that the biological community has a more complexstructure and higher species richness, with a greater number of ecological niches anda lower intensity of competition among organisms within the community. Therefore,complex environments generally have relatively stable community structures, whileless complex environments generally have more unstable communities.The word“niche”first appeared in 1910 in the ecology treatise of the Americanscholar R. H. Johnson. The early concept of“niche”applied to the species distri-butions of flora. In 1924, Grinnell applied“niche”to the concept of“space.”In 1927,Elton defined an animal’s niche as its place in the environment, including therelationship between food and predators. In this way,“niche”includes a conceptionof“function.”In 1957, Hutchinson described“niche”as a multidimensional space inwhich all non-biological and biological species elements existed, using the phrase“basic niche.”Under this concept, a species niche may become a“niche”withoutboundaries or a natural niche. A“natural niche”contains all of the elements of thesurvival of species or communities and is as well a system, a concept of the whole,and an ideal ecological space. However, due to competition among species in nature,each species can only occupy a part of the basic niche, which is known as the actualniche. Niche represents the minimum threshold of habitat that is necessary for eachorganism to survive in an ecosystem. Therefore, what is usually studied is the rel-ative niche. By means of artificial segmentation, the main conditions for the survivalof interacting species are separated from the natural niche and become a boundedniche space; the relative niche is a part of the natural niche. In fact, the niche varieswith the environment. For example, when the main food source is scarce, an animalwill increase its prey species and tend to expand its feeding habits, broadening the niche; when the food sources are rich, the number of prey species will probablydecrease and feeding habits will tend to become more specialized, narrowing theniche. Consequently, the same food source faces different predators, which is con-sidered niche overlap.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

590 XIN e

Penerbit

China : EDP SCIENCES., 2023

Deskripsi Fisik

308 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9782759831159

Klasifikasi

590

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Animals, Zoology, Wildlifes

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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