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E-book Manual for Arabica Cultivation
Coffee was declared the national drink of the then colonized United States by the Continental Congress, in protest of the excessive tax on tea levied by the British crown. Today, coffee is a global industry employing more than 20 million people. It ranks second to petroleum in terms of worldwide trade. With over 400 billion cups consumed every year, coffee is the world's most popular beverage. Presently, coffee is grown in over 80 countries. The Arabica tree in Figure 5 is of the Catimor variety. This is a socalled dwarf variety. Catimor is a cross between the varieties Hybrido de Timor and Caturra. This variety was created in the 1980s and is Coffee Leaf Rust resistant. Catimor can reach a height of up to 2.5m. The beans of Catimor produce a lower quality coffee brew than other Arabica coffees because of lower acidity and body (2 important taste and quality characteristics).Figure 5: Arabica tree Figure 6: Arabica leaves and cherries Figure 7 shows a Robusta tree. The leaves of Robusta are bigger than Arabica and the tree can remain productive for a longer time. Cherries and beans of Robusta are easily distinguished from Arabica because their shape is more rounded. Robusta can reach a height of 7-10m. The beans of Robusta produce a bitter coffee brew, in some markets this is appreciated, but less so in others. It is often used in blends with Arabica.
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