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E-book Fragility Fracture Nursing : Holistic Care and Management of the Orthogeriatric Patient

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Penilaian

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The main consequence of osteoporosis is that it is a condition in which bone mass is depleted and bone structure is destroyed to the degree that bone becomes fragile and prone to fractures. For affected patients, these ‘fragility fractures’ are associated with substantial pain and suffering, disability and even death, along with substantial costs to society. The problems created by fragility fractures and osteoporosis are multifactorial in origin and are, therefore, a multidisciplinary problem. A first fragility fracture is often the early sign of osteoporosis, and ‘secondary’ prevention of fragility fractures is focused on the prevention of fur-ther fractures once an initial fracture has occurred. Nurses play a key role in education and guidance of patients with osteoporosis. This chapter will provide an overview of how osteoporosis and fragility fractures are linked, with a focus on fracture prevention. The human skeleton gives structure to the body and protects organs, makes motion and mobility possible by attachment to muscles via tendons and liga-ments, stores and releases minerals and, in the bone marrow, manufactures blood cells. About 80% of the skeleton is cortical (or compact) bone that forms the outer structure of the shafts of long bones. Trabecular bone (20%) is mainly present in the ends of long bones and in the centre of the vertebrae and ribs. Bone undergoes a lifelong process of replacement; mature bone is replaced with new. This regulated process of ‘bone turnover’ maintains a balance between bone resorption and formation to maintain skeletal integrity [1] and results in replacement of 5–10% of the skeleton each year and the total skeleton every decade [2].Remodelling involves three types of cells; osteoblasts (bone builders), osteo-clasts (bone eaters) and osteocytes, and is a continuous interaction between hormones, minerals and bone cells that is influenced by; (1) changes in calcium levels in the blood, (2) pressure/strain on the bones caused by gravity and the action of muscles and (3) hormones (oestrogen, testosterone and growth hormone).

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

618.97 BAR f

Penerbit

Switzerland : Springer Nature., 2018

Deskripsi Fisik

169 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9783319766812

Klasifikasi

618.97

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Geriatrics

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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