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E-book A Journey to Inner Africa
A contemporary, the literary critic Pavel Annenkov, points out that Kovalevsky’s generation was the first in Russia for which a university education was practically obligatory for a civil service career.2 The de-cade after the Napoleonic Wars was also a time of considerable intel-lectual turmoil among Russian students, who were well acquainted with the ideas that had led to revolution in France a little over 20 years ear-lier. Indeed, toward the end of 1825 a group of militant guards officers, the Decembrists, tried to seize power in the wake of Emperor Alex-ander I’s death. While the attempted coup was quickly put down and the archconservative Nicholas I acceded to the throne, radical thought continued to percolate among the empire’s educated youth.3 Egor Kova-levsky would not prove to be entirely immune to such notions.Like most ambitious graduates in Imperial Russia, upon completing his university education in 1829, Kovalevsky moved to St. Petersburg to seek a career. He quickly found it in the government’s Mining and Salt Department, which also employed his older brother Evgraf. Egor took to his job and eagerly broadened his knowledge of geology by auditing courses at the Mining Cadet Corps and working at its museum. When Evgraf was promoted to head of the mining works in Western Siberia’s Altai Mountains the following year, Egor joined him there as his office manager.The young mining engineer did not stay bound to his desk. He par-ticipated in many surveys of the region’s mineral resources. By 1831, Kovalevsky was already leading expeditions to find gold in the northern Altai, and over the next few years, he began exploiting four deposits of the precious metal. Four years later, he again accompanied his brother, this time to the Urals, an ancient mountain range that had already been mined for well over a century. When in 1836 his depart-ment was absorbed into the army, Kovalevsky was given the rank of captain. In addition to prospecting for gold, iron ore, and other metals, he also helped modernize steel production. Meanwhile, he did not shy away from criticizing social conditions by arguing that using serf labor in the Urals’ metallurgical works was inefficient.
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