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E-book Return to China One Day : The Learning Life of Qian Xuesen

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Penilaian

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n December 26, 1882 (the seventeenth of November on the Lunar Calendar, the 8th year of Guangxu Emperor), Qian Junfu was born in the Qian lineage’s old residence in Eastern Street, Renhe County, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Qian’ lineage can be traced back to King Qian Liu of the Kingdom of Wuyue (852–932), of whom Qian Junfu was the 32nd descendant. The Wuyue Qian lineage had been prosperous since Qian Liu established the Kingdom of Wuyue. Qian Jizu, Qian Junfu’s grandfather, run silk business in Eastern Street of Renhe County and was quite wealthy. Qian Jizu had four sons, with Qian Chengrong the eldest son, Qian Chengzi the second and Qian Chengduo the third, while the youngest son was adopted by the Lu lineage, the lineage on the part of Qian Jizu’s wife and thus changed his surname to Lu. Qian Chengzi had two sons, the elder son Qian Jiarun (courtesy name, Zefu) and the younger son Qian Jiazhi (courtesy name, Junfu). Qian Jiarun’s son, Qian Xuequ, was admitted to the Department of Aeronautical Engineering of Massachusetts Insti-tute of Technology as a Boxer Rebellion Scholarship recipient administered through Tsinghua University after he graduated from the School of Mechanical Engineering at Jiaotong University. He was a well-known expert in the aviation field in the United States. Qian Xuequ and his wife, Li Yiying had three sons. The eldest son Qian Yongyou is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences; the second son Qian Yongle is a computer scientist and the youngest son Qian Yongjian was a 2008 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry. Qian Junfu and Zhang Lanjuan had a son, who unfortunately died young. Later on, the couple had another son, Qian Xuesen. Qian Junfu was born in the transitional stage of Chinese society, from traditional to modern, so his life was deeply marked by the times. He had the opportunity to receive both traditional and modern education. In the traditional Chinese class stratification of “scholar, farmer, industrialist and businessmen”, scholar had the highest social status. This traditional concept was deeply rooted in Qian Junfu’s grandfather Qian Jizu, who expected that his children would become scholars and officials. Although the family’s economic situation was declining when Qian Junfu was born, his father Qian Chengzi spared no effort in supporting his education. In 1888, Qian Junfu, at six, was sent to si shu, an old-style private school, and started to learn Chinese primers such as Thousand Character Text, Three Character Classic, A Hundred Family Names, and Poetry of a Prodigy. Unable to pay the tuition fees for a private school later on, Qian Junfun was sent to a free school in 1895. In 1898, he left for Shanghai and entered the Wang Yucai School, the predecessor of Shanghai Nanyang Middle School, with financial support from his relatives and friends. In 1899, Qian Junfu was admitted to Qiushi shuyuan—then a middle school in Hangzhou and later the predecessor of Zhejiang University. During this period, he often discussed with his classmates on how to save the country and participated in the establishment of Hangzhou Vernacular Newspaper to promote vernacular Chinese. He gradually realized the importance of education in national rejuvenation and survival, and was determined to save the country through education [1]. In September 1902, Qian Junfu joined a group of government-funded students, Zhou Chengpeng, Shi Yuruo, Han Qiangshi, Zhang Futing, Han Shutao, Shen Qifang, Xu Shoushang and Shou Changtian, travelling to Japan to study [2]. Upon their arrival in Japan, they were enrolled in Zhejiang class in the general department of Tokyo Hongwen College. Zhou Shuren from Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, who was to become China’s most famous short story writer under the pseudonym Lu Xun, had arrived in Japan earlier. Although he was from Zhejiang Province, he was arranged in Jiangnan class because he was sent to study on Jiangnan official expenses. During this time, Qian Junfu and Zhou Shuren met and befriended each other and later became close friends. Tokyo Hongwen College was a language school with three academic years. From September 1902 to March 1904, Qian Junfu finished the required courses and graduated earlier in July of 1904. He was then admitted to Tokyo Higher Normal School, the predecessor of Tsukuba University. Tokyo Higher Normal School was a modern college specialized in training teacher trainees. The school was divided into four departments, and Qian Junfu was enrolled in the second department (geography and history department) with duration of four years [3]. In the first year, the students attended the preparatory course, followed by three years for the undergraduate course. In the fourth year, students would participate in field teaching at the school affiliated with the college. Qian Junfu was hard-working and persevering student and he read widely. He often participated in various social activities organized by foreign students, through which he was acquainted with Li Shutong, a famous modern poet, calligrapher, seal cutter, educator in music and art and dramatist. In 1907, Qian Junfu, together with other Chinese students such as Xu Shouchang, Zhou Shuren, Zhou Zuoren, Gong Baoquan, Zhu Xizu and so on, organized the “Students’ Revival Society” in Tokyo [4, 5] (Fig. 2).

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

925 CHE r

Penerbit

Singapore : Springer Nature., 2022

Deskripsi Fisik

195 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9789811957550

Klasifikasi

925

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

-

Subjek

Scientists Biography

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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