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E-book The Architecture of Empire in Modern Europe : Space, Place, and the Construction of an Imperial Environment, 1860-1960
Empires are large. It is one of their signature qualities. As assemblages of different peoples and polities, empires link distant territories to each other by their very def inition: they are ‘large political units, expansionist or with a memory of power extended over space’; consequently, when studying empires, ‘[s]pace matters, size matters, and so does the character of space and size’.1 Yet empires are also small. Or rather, their effects are also felt in local and small-scale places, right down to the level of towns, streets, and even individual buildings. Such buildings are the subject of this study: pieces of architecture whose appearance, meaning, and very existence were based on their role in wider imperial frameworks. Imperial places, as such buildings are termed here, encourage us to think not only about the space, but also about the place of empire. The principal question for this book is how imperial places contributed to the development of a transnational imperial culture in Europe, during modern imperialism between 1860 and 1960. Although architecture that functioned as an imperial place could be found anywhere within an empire, this study investigates architecture that created physical and imagined links to the empire specif ically in Western Europe. It is guided by a number of questions about the relation between architecture, imperialism, and European history. What imperial networks did buildings like factories, government buildings, or mission houses in Europe maintain? How did such buildings mediate these connections to Europeans, and thereby construct an imperial culture that legitimised European imperialism? And to what extent was this culture a transnational European phenomenon? Working through these questions in this introduction and in the chapters to come, allows us to understand if and how contemporary Europeans perceived their living environment as part of a wider imperial space, and what role conceptions of Europe and a European identity played in this awareness and imagination of imperialism.
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