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E-book Optimizing AI in Higher Education

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Penilaian

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Artificial intelligence (AI), generally thought of as using c omputers t o a ccomplish tasks r equiring human intelligence, is not a new c oncept. Ho wever, gen erative AI, a type of AI system that can generate t ext, ima ges, or other m edia in response to pr ompts, has suddenly become an omnipresent part of the a cademic scene. In the f orm of ChatGPT an d oth ers, generative AI hit campuses with a bang that could be heard ar ound a cademia in lat e 2 022. Th e c hart seen here sh ows th e r ecord-breaking speed with which ChatGPT came int o popular use (Hawley, 2 023): it reached 1 million users in 5 days. Ov er th e last several m onths, the a cademic community has watched and participated in the rapid progression and adoption of AI tools. Over th e p ast y ear, pr ogress in generative AI c ontinued at an unprecedented r ate (P erlow, 2 023; P errigo, 2 023-a). Thanks t o th e pr ogress of Natural L anguage P rocessing (NLP), c hatbot conversations have bec ome m ore fluid as bots better understand language and provide quicker, more relevant responses (PM, 2023). In a ddition, conversation with chatbots has become r icher due to th e de velopment of multimodality(Perrigo, 2023-b).Originally (It’s w orth r emembering w e’re talking w eeks an d m onths, not y ears), when w e ha d a request, w e pr ovided text an d got text r esponses. The use of voice f or se arching has now become popular, with fifty per cent of mobile users using it r egularly (Haan, 2023). A countless number of people have ma de asking Siri or Google Assistant a part of their e veryday liv es. ChatGPT (GP T-4) has advanced so it can now r espond with voice (Metz et al., 2023). More r ecently, th e t echnology has advanced so that other m odalities such as images and video can also be used to pr ompt a text r esponse. This year, w e sa w that in OpenAI’s GP T-4 an d th en in Google’s Gemini. In a related development, it became possible to use text t o generate images and e ven video. (P errigo, 2 023-c). Users can not only use text to have videos created, but also edit existing videos with text prompts. Of c ourse, the impact of this progress has been felt be yond th e a cademic world. The gr owth of AI use in business has been notable. In a survey of the use of generative AI in corporations, one-third of those surveyed are using it r egularly f or at least one business function (McKinsey an d C ompany, 2 023).What was on ce a t opic for IT departments only has reached management leadership, t wenty-five per cent of whom are using it f or th eir jobs. They ar e also looking t o th e future.Forty per cent plan to in crease their in vestment in AI. Considerations of reskilling an d r educing employees n eed t o be addressed. There is work t o be done an d issues to r esolve, but AI has landed in the corporate world. So, t oo, has there been progress with values. Concern about inappropriate r esponses led to th e de velopment of something called “constitutional ai” (Mohan, 2023).A set of principles is developed, and bots are tr ained b ased on those, thus reducing th e n eed f or e xternal human intervention and bias. The question, of course, r emains about what values. Anthropic has made an effort t o democratize this process b y c ollecting v alues from a cross-section of the population (Perrigo, 2023-d). It is recognized as a step in the right direction, not a solution. There’s on e oth er de velopment this year that may br oaden the impact of AI. Open source AI models are n ow available, allowing an yone t o de velop their o wn custom c hatbots based on their o wn c hoice of data. Meta (Meta, 2024), f or e xample, is currently offering a c hoice of open-source m odels focusing on different areas in cluding language, reasoning, and computer vision. We’ve c ome so far in a short per iod of time. P eople may be surprised to le arn that AI actually started its evolution in the last century. F or an understanding of how it developed over time, th ere is a new Special Section containing a brief history. The question now, for ourselves and our students — where will this take us?

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

006.3 AAR o

Penerbit

USA : State University of New York Press., 2024

Deskripsi Fisik

121 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9798855801835

Klasifikasi

006.3

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Artificial Intelligence

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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