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E-book Design Research in the Digital Era
The PhD in Design at Politecnico di Milano was established in 1990, exactly 30 years ago. It was Italy’s first PhD Programme on the topic, and its leading figure was Ulm School of Design former teacher and director Tomàs Maldonado. Its original name was “Doctoral Programme in Industrial De-sign and Visual Communication,” which showed the discipline’s traditional legacy as being concerned with the technical study of two-dimensional and three-dimensional artefacts. The thematic areas covered were theory and history of design, product design, visual communication and environmental issues (Pizzocaro, 2003, p. 174). The programme partly acquired its initial approach from being situated in an increasingly complex framework, where innovation was relevant. This fuelled a need to consider the importance of design providing competitive advantages. Hence, in the first years, research themes were focused on the theoretical investigation of innovation-related phenomena (Pizzocaro, 2003). The strict relationship with the architecture field was evident. As a matter of fact, in Italy, the design was born from with-in the architecture discipline and only recently broke free of it.From its 1990 foundation, when it hosted two candidates, our PhD Pro-gramme has grown significantly in size and has extensively enlarged the range of subjects covered. Now, 20 students join the Programme annually, entering a 250-strong Department, which is Italy’s largest design research and education institution, and one of the largest internationally. Both the De-partment and the PhD in Design programme, welcome International mem-bers, embracing the cultural enrichment they bring.Over its 30 years of PhD in Design, 231 theses have been discussed, and just as many candidates obtained their doctorate. By looking at the evolution of the addressed topics, it emerges that design research at Politecnico is no longer a matter of interior spaces, furniture, artefacts and their users, mass production or technological advancements. Although the emphasis on con-ducting innovative research at a social, technical and organisational level is maintained, an updated perspective has consolidated. It reaches out to multi-ple disciplines and new issues, ranging from sustainability, design thinking, artificial intelligence, creative industries, and design ethics. If we initially systematised the Degree Courses’ addressed topics based around the Degree Courses offered from our School – Product and Service, Fashion, Interior, and Communication – such a scheme has become blurred and obsolete. Through-out the PhD theses, the borders between the sub-fields faded, showing a root-ed inclination to integrate and hybridise perspectives, towards more inclusive and crossbred ways of looking, studying, and framing our discipline.
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