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E-book Reindeer Husbandry : Resilience in the Changing Arctic
The original aim of the project was to co-produce knowledge ethically on climate change adaptation in collaboration with the reindeer Sámi communities and aca-demia by using the search conference method. This approach entails community members coming together to reflect in a structured way on problems affecting their community and seeking common ground on how to understand and address a prob-lem (Schafft & Greenwood, 2003; Schusler & Decker, 2003). Co-production of knowledge can address the complex nature of contemporary sustainability chal-lenges better than more traditional scientific approaches (Norström et al., 2020).The plan was to organize an extensive research seminar by using search confer-ence methodology and inviting members of academia and reindeer herders to the seminar to co-produce knowledge on climate change adaptation. The implementa-tion had to be significantly modified from the original plan due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting national and international restrictions and recommenda-tions. Cross-border and internal travel was restricted, and meetings for over ten persons were forbidden. As a result, the involvement of external researchers was not possible.The revised objectives of the project were (1) to identify the needs, topics, limits, and prerequisites of the Sámi reindeer herding communities for the co-production of knowledge with academia, (2) to identify the effects of climate change and cli-mate change adaptation to reindeer Sámi culture, and (3) to explore how the Sámi have experienced the research collaboration and research ethics and (4) how research can be conducted ethically from a Sámi perspective. This paper presents the results of the feasibility study on the co-production of knowledge between researchers and Indigenous communities for climate change adaptation, a project implemented in the Finnish Sámi home region. Sámi are Indigenous people of Europe. In Finland, 10,795 persons were registered in the electoral register of the Sámi Parliament in 2019 (Sámediggi, 2019). There are 1220 reindeer owners and less than 300 full-time reindeer herders in the Sámi homeland. Most of the reindeer owners and full-time herders are Sámi (Näkkäläjärvi et al., 2020, 50–60).The projected effects of climate change on the Sámi home region in Finland are significant. It is estimated that temperatures will continue to rise, precipitation will increase, the growing season will lengthen, and heat cycles will become more fre-quent. The duration of the snow cover will also shorten, and the amount of snow will decrease. Vegetation changes would also be significant as the boreal forest spreads farther north and to higher altitudes, replacing bare fjeld vegetation (Ruosteenoja et al., 2011; Ruosteenoja, 2016).
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