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E-book Cow Care in Hindu Animal Ethics
Cows—certain types ofbovinae—can evoke strong emotions among peo-ple, different emotions rooted in different worldviews. One worldview,which is arguably a galaxy of worldviews emerging over centuries in India,has come to be called “Hindu.” Some people who identify themselvesas Hindus have strong feelings about cows—feelings that tie into theirsense of conviction that cows are not just different from, but aremorethananimals, that they are in an important sense sacred, set apart, worthyof reverence, and therefore worthy of special care and protection. With aslight wordplay echoing the termdivinity, we can speak in this context ofbovinityas a descriptor for cows as more than animals.For persons with other worldviews, cows may also evoke strong emo-tions. For some, the emotion evoked may be rooted in a strong sense ofpossessiveness. Oddly, such possessiveness has affinity with affects of Hin-dus who see cows as more than animal. Both regard cows as valuable. Thedifference is that the (possiblynon-Hindu) persons in the second groupfind value in cows’ bodies more for what they provide once dead thanwhat they provide while living. Isaypossiblynon-Hindu because some who might identify themselvesas at least nominally Hindus, whether or not they would admit it, sharethis latter sense of cows’ value.Again,cows—bovines—canevokestrongemotionsamongpeople;con-versely,cowscanalsobeobjectsofindifference.Surprisingly,thisis—orhasbecome—especially true in India, a land typically associated with Hinduworldviews that include high regard for cows. A strange state of culturalcognitive dissonance appears to affect many people throughout the entirecountry of India, from top government officials to simple farmers.Again, strangely, whether objects of strong emotions (either as bovinityor as commodity) or objects of indifference, all three of these sorts ofpersons tend to regard cows asobjects.Asobjects,cowsservehumans,ornot. If they serve humans, it is either by divine arrangement that they doso, or by welcome accident that they can be used by humans, as sources ofcommodities. If they do not serve humans, cows are expendable, perhapsto be left to become either rewilded or extinct.To consider cows assubjectsis the starting point of this book, as it isthe starting point for an ethical consideration of cows and, with cows,other nonhuman animals, in particular “farm animals.” Also, since posi-tive regard for cows (more or less as bovinity) is strongly associated withHindu traditions, this book is concerned with what has come to be calledHinduism, although the Hindu landscape may be better described in theplural, as “Hinduisms.” For many (both Hindus and non-Hindus), con-cern for cows beyond their utility is, or has come to be, a defining featureof Hinduism.
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