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E-book Labour and Value : Rethinking Marx’s Theory of Exploitation

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Penilaian

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There are two alternative approaches to the theory of capitalist exploitation: normative or descriptive. The former aims to prove that capitalism is unjust because it is based on the extraction of surplus value from labour power; the latter seeks to explain the social process through which surplus value is produced.The normative approach postulates some universal principles of justice so that capitalism may be examined to reveal the illegitimacy of surplus value. Various socialist thinkers, more or less implicitly, assume Locke’s axiom of self-ownership. This posits that, by natural law, a free individual is the owner of herself, her talents and abilities, and therefore of the fruits of their use. If another person appropriates these fruits without the consent of the legitimate owner, unjust exploitation occurs.The Ricardian socialist, Thomas Hodgskin (1825, 83), uses this principle to condemn capitalism. He asserts that “the labour of a man’s body and the work of his hands are to be considered as exclusively his own. I take it for granted, therefore, [...] that the whole produce of labour ought to belong to the labourer”. In a natural system, each commodity is exchanged at its “natural or necessary price”, which is determined by “the whole quantity of labour nature requires from man [to] produce any commodity” (1827, 219). Natural prices yield no profits and workers earn the entire value they produce. But under a regime of capitalist private property workers are paid a wage and commodities exchanged at “social prices” granting a profit. “Whatever quantity of labour may be requisite to produce any commodity, the labourer must always, in the present state of society, give a great deal more labour to acquire and possess it than is requisite to buy it from nature.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

320.5322 SCR l

Penerbit

USA : Open Book Publishers., 2019

Deskripsi Fisik

145 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9781783747818

Klasifikasi

320.5322

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Marxism Leninism

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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