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E-book Harvest Loss in China
With a large and growing population, ensuring an adequate food supply has alwaysbeen one of the most important goals worldwide. According to the Food and Agricul-ture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), food production will have to increaseby 70% to feed the world’s projected 9.1 billion population by 2050 (FAO2009). In2018, this world population projected figure has been updated to 10 billion by theWorld Resources Institute (WRI) (Ranganathan et al.2018). As the most populousdeveloping country in the world, China’s food security is of great concern to theworld.There are two ways to increase food supply. For a long time, the dominant viewfor improving future food supply has been to increase food production; however, thiswould not achieve the world’s growing agricultural demand in an environmentallysustainable manner (Shafiee-Jood and Cai2016). Agriculture imposes huge resourceand environmental costs in terms of land (Chen et al.2014), water (Pierrat et al.2023), and greenhouse gas emissions (Xu et al.2021). The trade-off between foodsecurity and environmental sustainability will aggravate in the near future with thediets change (especially meat consumption), bioenergy crop expansion, as well asclimate change (Godfray et al.2010; Foley et al.2011). Therefore, improving foodsupply by increasing food production is limited by the progressively scarce naturalresources and the fragile environmental capacity (Qu et al.2021).The other way to increase food supply is to reduce food wastage (food loss andfood waste) (Hodges et al.2010; Barrera and Hertel2021), which is too large to beignored. A report by FAO has pointed out that globally, about 1.3 billion tons of foodfor human consumption are lost or wasted each year, accounting for one-third of theworld’s food production and enough to feed 3.48 billion people (Gustavsson et al.2011). After the food crisis of the early 1970s, preventing food wastage has been widely recognized as a solution to the world’s food problems (FAO1981; Greeley1991). In 2015, FAO proposed Sustainable Development Goal 12.3, “By 2030, halveper capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food lossesalong production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses” (FAO2015).In 2019, the United Nations designated September 29 as the International Day ofAwareness of Food Loss and Waste. In 2021, Chinese government issued theAnti-Food Waste Law of the People’s Republic of China, placing a high priority on foodwastage reduction.
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