Funding development requires access to financial resources. While this causal-ity is commonsense, the underlying complexity and struggle has accompanied international development organizations ever since they were founded. The objective of the 2020 aiib Legal Conference and the 4th Volume of the aiibYearbook of International Law is to take stock. Taking stock requires us t…
A medieval Middle-Eastern literary epic which tells the story of Scheherazade, a Sassanid Queen, who must relate a series of stories to her malevolent husband, the King, to delay her execution. The stories are told over a period of one thousand and one nights, and every night she ends the story with a suspenseful situation, forcing the King to keep her alive for another day. The individual stor…
Basically the Equation of Time (EoT) is the difference between clock time and time seen on a sundial. This is comparing “clock time”, as a mechanical measurement of time, and the sundial being time determined by the position of the Sun at any given moment. The figures listed are for 00h and 12h . Using the EoT you can get fairly accurate determination of when Meridian Passage (Local Apparen…
Despite intermittent upsurges of climate change scepticism among conservative politicians and journalists in the Anglosphere, there is now a near consensus among climate scientists – and indeed amongmost other scientists – that current levels of atmospheric greenhouse gas are sufficient to alter global weather patterns to possibly disastrous effect. Rec…
Plants are often considered of secondary importance to ani-mal or even insect species, even though they are equally threat-ened by rising temperatures and changing ecologies and function as cornerstones of any given ecology. Plants are vital resources for understanding current and future ecologies, and our parallel human culture and society. We hope to contribute to the revalu-ation of the sign…
n the wake of the so-called ‘Arab Spring,’ Occupy, and Anonymous move-ments, attention has increasingly been paid to the intersection of politics and the internet. In the popular media, commentators such as Roger Cohen of the New York Times took a technological determinist approach, as he declared Face-book founder Mark Zuckerberg to be the true leader of the protests spreading a…
In 1850, an epidemic swept America—but instead of leaving victims sick with fever or flu, this epidemic involved a rabid craze for the music of Swedish soprano Jenny Lind. American showman P. T. Barnum (who would later go on to found the circus now known as Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey), a shrewd marketer and self-made millionaire, is credited with spreading “Lindomania” through a s…
Planet Earth is an ocean planet. We can hardly ignore the fact that the ocean covers almost two thirds of our planet. Since the dawn of time, humankind has had an ambivalent relationship with the immensity and hostility of this very specific environment. However, the ocean holds a strong attraction for human societies, with nearly 40% of the world’s population living less than 100 km from the…
In it’s broadest possible sense, music is defined as “organized sound.” This openended and safe definition is coherent regardless of era, style, culture, or the mechanics of musical organization. Each successive historical era produces musically artistic expressions of its own time, its own musical aura. The study of Music Theory is the means by which we investigate this. Among the commu…
The academic landscape is broad and fickle; academic fields, disciplines, and teach-ing perspectives always shift and change. In these academic places, identities, and communities overlap and work together. This book holds space for identities that are often undervoiced in academia. The perspectives of the contributors serve as models for how artists work within communit…