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E-book Criminal Careers : Life and Crime Trajectories of Former Juvenile Offenders in Adulthood
n every society, there is a group of people who can be labelled chronic criminals. Different studies show that about 5–10% of people who commit criminal acts can be described as such (Moffitt 1993). The presence of multiple offenders is a serious problem, and their activities raise public concern. Hence, it is imperative to regularly research this group of individuals, especially in the context of the ever-changing world. The more extensive and recent the knowledge we gather about the reasons why they remain in crime, the more effective we become in addressing their motivations and working to interrupt their criminal careers.The study of criminal careers of offenders dates back to the 1930s, when Eleanor and Sheldon Glueck (1943) introduced this concept into criminology to describe the unlawful path that some individuals follow in life. Today, this branch of criminology is also referred to as developmental criminology or life-course criminology(Piquero et al. 2007; Sampson & Laub 1992). In the Polish literature, individuals who commit crimes over a longer time span have also been described using terms such as incorrigible offenders, professional offenders, persistent offenders, repeat offenders, or, most commonly, recidivists (in the criminological rather than the criminal law sense of the term).
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