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E-book Hieroglyphic Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Literature of the Middle Kingdom
All examples in this grammar and all of the hieroglyphic exercises that conclude the lessons are based on sentences that occur in the extant corpus of Middle Egyptian literature. Often, however, I have simplified the original constructions or substituted vocabulary and phrases introduced in this book for the more diffuse material of the sources. Where writings were abbreviated, I have sometimes filled them out. The practice of only citing sample sentences verbatim from Middle Egyptian sources is laudable and appropriate for reference grammars, but it tends to confuse beginning students who need a core set of words—and some consistency in spelling—to work within straightforward presentations of the grammatical constructions. Because this grammar is geared toward the reading of “The Shipwrecked Sailor,” I have, wherever possible, used vocabulary and examples from that or other Middle Egyptian tales. In some instances I have combined the main clause from one source with a subordinate clause from another. Egyptologists and others who have read widely in Middle Egyptian literature will recognize many old friends, but—given the goals of this grammar—I have not thought it necessary to identify the provenance of formulations whose originals the students will in many cases find it rather difficult to access
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