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E-book World Avocado Production Prospects : Mexico Evermore Colossal

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Penilaian

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Mexico is a cradle of the avocado, with the word itself being derived from Nahuatl, meaning “testicle”. Archaeological digs conducted in a cave in the Coxcatlán region, in the State of Puebla, showed that this fruit was already present in the region 7 000 to 8 000 years ago. The country’s central volcanic belt, which crosses Michoacán, is believed to be the natural habitat of one of the three races of Persea americana Miller, also known as the Mexican race. Nonetheless, the Mexican cultivation area has only fairly recently swelled to the immense proportions of more than 200 000 ha seen today. According to the country’s first agricultural statistics in the 1930s, this area covered only approximately 3 000 ha. The dissemination of better production techniques (grafting) and improved varieties such as Fuerte sparked a growth trend over the following decades, albeit to a relatively limited extent, since the cultivation area had yet to reach 10 000 ha by the end of the 1950s. Thereafter, the industry began to take off. On the one hand, the production crisis which arose in the USA in the 1960s led Californian nursery growers to find diversification markets in Mexico for their Hass plants, a variety discovered in the 1930s. This variety rapidly became the national benchmark thanks to its post-harvest resistance, its yield and its taste characteristics. On the other hand, from the early 1970s the Mexican government implemented a fruit growing development policy, especially in Michoacán, to prevent overproduction of coffee, the predominant crop in this highly fertile region. Indeed, a specific plan aimed at promoting the avocado was developed from 1973, conducted by CONAFRUT (Comisión Nacional de Fruticultura). In particular, this envisaged granting technical assistance, enhanced credits from FIRA (Fideicomisos Instituidos en Relación con la Agricultura) and even giving away plants. The context became favourable for development of the crop, although these funds were primarily absorbed by the downstream segment through the development of packing or transport infrastructures. An increasing number of smallholdings resulting from the agrarian reform of 1915 ventured into this industry. This was when the cultivation area saw rapid expansion, up to approximately 50 000 ha in the mid-1970s, and then to 100 000 ha in the 1980s, with Michoacán becoming the country’s number one production area.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

634.6 HAS w

Penerbit

: Hass Avocado Board., 2019

Deskripsi Fisik

27 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

634.6

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Tropical and Subtropical Fruits

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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