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E-book The Grid and the Park : Public Space and Urban Culture in Buenos Aires, 1887–1936.
In 1887, as a result of the federalization of Buenos Aires carried out at the begin-ning of the decade, the government of the Province of Buenos Aires transferred to the national government additional land to enlarge the capital, from which, a year later, its definitive limits were to be drawn (the current General Paz Avenue).1The municipality had until then a little over 4,000 hectares, although its 400,000 inhabitants occupied a much smaller built-up area; after its exten-sion, it had more than 18,000 hectares, becoming one of the largest munici-pal jurisdictions among the most important metropolises.2 At the time of this territorial expansion, there were no more than 25,000 inhabitants in the new 14,000 hectares, and only a few blocks in the villages of Flores and Belgrano had been laid out and built. Five decades later, around 1936, this new territory was already completely urbanized, so that it was impossible to distinguish the original municipality from its annexation. There were also three branches of urbanization outside the Federal District growing northward, westward, and southward to form an emergent metropolitan region. The population of the capital had by then risen to 2,500,000 inhabitants, of which approximately one million lived in sectors corresponding to the old municipality and one and a half million in the land annexed forty years earlier.3This book addresses the temporal and spatial arc covering the half century and the more than 18,000 hectares of what we can call the first metropolitan cycle in Buenos Aires: from the administrative expansion of the municipality, when the annexed territory was nothing more than the boundless expanse of the pampa, to its almost complete urbanization. How is a metropolis formed in the pampa? To answer this question, the book interweaves two histories: that of the progressive occupation of the plains (with the question of the suburban neighborhood as its center); and that of the production of global networks of meaning that in a short period of time completely modified the representations of what the city in fact was. It is not intended as a history of the modern expan-sion of Buenos Aires, of its growth, but an analysis of what happened in that time, with that territory, with its inhabitants and its institutions, that allows us to speak of the emergence of a metropolitan public space in Buenos Aires. Our focus will thus be placed on a handful of relationships, in the framework of which the city is produced as a material, cultural, and political artifact: the rela-tionships between city and society, that is, between form and politics, between material culture and cultural history, between the different temporalities that define the city, that of its material objects, that of politics, that of culture.
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