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E-book Precarious Crossings : Immigration, Neoliberalism, and the Atlantic
he Atlantic, including all the countries touched by the triangular trade and marked by a history of population displacement and cultural mixing inau-gurated through colonialism and slavery, has always been a crucial site for the development of capitalism. Without the free labor generated through slavery, the plantation economy, and the production of sugar and coffee, capitalism would not have developed as it has.3 If the Atlantic trade instated capitalism, NAFTA represents one of the milestones of its neoliberal stage. The history of capitalism and the history of the Atlantic are thus intertwined. And, as we can see from “Trans-Atlantic Trade and Its Discontents,” so are their futures. The future of global neoliberalization, it seems, depends on yet another Atlantic agreement, one in which only countries of the Global North are participat-ing. The authors, in fact, take it for granted that two Northern powers should decide upon the future of the wider Atlantic. Would global neoliberalization generate equal enthusiasm if the story were told from the perspective of the Global South?In Precarious Crossings, through a comparative study of contemporary trans-Atlantic immigrant narratives in French, Spanish, and English, I offer a literary account of a multilingual Atlantic under neoliberalism. Contempo-rary authors from the Caribbean, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America have reconceptualized the Atlantic from a triangular into a multipolar space, intro-ducing new destinations for contemporary immigrants and establishing new Atlantic connections. In traveling beyond the postcolonial route that connects the formerly colonized and the former colonizer, they also shift focus from cultural difference and national belonging to precarity—a condition charac-terized by a lack of economic and social stability and protection—as a shared characteristic under global neoliberalization. The vision of the present that emerges from these works is very different from the one offered by the New York Times article, as discontent is related to the global spread of neoliberal-ism, rather than its incomplete implementation. Contemporary Atlantic narra-tives underline the contradictions inherent in neoliberalism as an ideology and strain against the demands of a neoliberal subject. They further participate in Atlantic literary and cultural dialogues, pushing against literary conventions of various genre, as they explore the complexities of a globalized Atlantic.
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