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E-book Between Manuscript and Print : Transcultural Perspectives, ca. 1400–1800
Libraries and research institutions around the world hold countless manuscripts and early printed books.1 Some of the most prestigious and beautiful reading rooms are dedicated to these rare materials. Even smaller institutions often have their own division and sometimes a separate reading room or area for these holdings. While these smaller institutions often only have one reading room for their special collections, large institutions, such as the British Library in London, the Library of Congress in Washington, D. C., the Royal Library of Belgium in Brussels, or the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin — Preußischer Kulturbesitz have multiple reading rooms, among them a rare books reading room and a manuscript reading room. The precise names of these reading rooms vary slightly. However, the division roughly runs between a room for manuscripts and one for printed materials, which is indicated by their respective names. In practice this separation is not so clear cut. While for instance at the Library of Congress incunables have to be studied at the rare books reading room (Rare Book & Special Collections, LJ 239), in the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin they are to be found in the manuscript reading room (Handschriftenlesesaal). This example shows that a variety of factors can be taken into account when classifying rare books: Their materiality and production date, however, are two of the most common.A book’s date and method of production not only are reflected in reading rooms but also in call numbers. No matter the institution’s size, almost all libraries rely on different call number systems for manuscripts and printed books. Often, they contain a significant amount of information about a book. They differentiate, for example, between the language of a text, indicate if a printed text is an incunable or was produced after 1500, and sometimes even reveal previous owners. However, again, a common division in call numbers can be found between manuscript and printed artifacts.Over the centuries, libraries have established individual reference systems suitable for their collections and storage facilities. Some books, however, are disruptive for this system. One example is Sammelbände that contain both manuscripts and printed materials. In earlier centuries, libraries would separate these materials and shelve them ‘appropriately’ as manuscript or print. This obviously was not possible for mixed materials, such as printed books with individual manuscript pages. An example for this case is the socalled Stammbücher (alba amicorum): At Heidelberg University’s library, some are categorized as ‘manuscripts’ and subsequently filed under the owner’s name, while others are cataloged under the printed book which forms the printed ‘base’ for the handwritten album amicorum.
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