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E-book Connecting Territories : Exploring People and Nature, 1700–1850
The final decades of the 18th century became a crucial period for the differ-ent fields of natural history and related disciplines of ethnology and archaeol-ogy, as academic subjects in light of the advancement of Linnaean systematic classification in botany and zoology.5 The perception and systematization of the natural world went through a paradigmatic shift as a result. Collections and the practice of collecting itself played a major role in this process and influenced the global exchange of ideas, knowledge, specimens, and person-nel. Material as well as intellectual exchange took place in diverse settings, including collections, media, lecture halls, and the natural world itself.This publication brings together several researchers from around the globe, who have analysed the exploration of the different “local natures” (natural his-tory) and the discovery of “local inhabitants and their history” (ethnography and antiquarianism) from a comparative perspective in the long 18th century.6 The focus on this period, a time when scientific travels and expeditions around the world increased, is especially fruitful inasmuch as it re-visits debates on the periodization of this “discovery of the indigenous”.7 The articles collected here cast a transnational look at European science, at home and abroad, as well as at scientific practice globally, and at the involvement of a great variety of local actors, for example academies and learned societies. This comparative and longue durée approach is supported by the ability to transcend individual disciplines and to combine the histories of natural history, medicine, environ-mental history, ethnology and archaeology as well as their interconnections. Finally, the book questions the different contexts of knowledge creation, be they political (republics, monarchies, colonial rule, etc.), material or linguistic. Based on the findings of historians, with particular emphasis on the social and cultural practices of early-modern natural history, the book focuses especially on collecting and exchanging, measuring and classifying information on ter-ritories of different scope.
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