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E-book The Deliverance of Open Access Books : Examining Usage and Dissemination
Platforms for open access monographs are fairly new and they are just one aspect of the changes in the way scholarly and scientif ic results are made public. As I became involved in the development of both the OAPEN Library and the Directory of Open Access Books, questions on optimiza-tion arose. How can we improve these open access book platforms if there are few examples to learn from? An optimal solution should be based on evidence and my research on the dissemination and usage of freely available academic books aims to uncover relevant facts. Starting in 1991, preprints of physics papers were distributed using a central repository mailbox. The number of articles grew, and the repository ex-panded to include astronomy, mathematics, computer science, quantitative biology. In 2001, this repository was renamed to arXiv.org. The rise of the world wide web further enabled worldwide online distribution and in 2002 this idea was captured in the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) declaration (Chan et al., 2002), where the term “Open Access” was coined. In the same year, the f irst set of Creative Commons licenses was released. These licenses enable the reuse of the contents in varying degrees. The role of licenses in the dissemination of open access books will be discussed in more detail in chapter 5. At the start of the twenty-f irst century, several large scale open access initiatives were founded: PubMed Central1 and the Public Library of Sci-ence.2 Since then, other journal platforms such as PeerJ,3 F1000Research4and Open Library of Humanities5 have emerged. An important online book platform, the Google Books program, started in 2002.6 A decade later saw the launch of several open access monographs platforms. In 2010, the OAPEN Librar y7 was launched. In 2012, the Directory of Open Access Books8 was introduced, listing monographs contained on several platforms. The next yea r, SciELO9 and OpenEdition10 started book platforms.
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