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E-book Trauma and Resilience Among Displaced Populations : A Sociocultural Exploration

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Penilaian

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We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. Accordingto the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), there are 70.8million forcibly displaced people worldwide. This includes over 41 million inter-nally displaced people, 25 million refugees and 3.5 million asylum seekers. This isa challenge of historic proportions. Evolving responses having now become oneof the defining challenges of the early twenty-first century (Farhat et al.,2018;Médécins Sans Frontières,2016; UNHCR,2015). Not least among the difficultiesare public health challenges of the multiple traumas faced by displaced populations.The loss of loved ones or caregivers and/or livelihood, the destruction of property,insecure living conditions, war, torture, imprisonment, terrorist attacks, abuse, andsexualised violence are among the traumatic experiences that characterizes experi-ences of displacement. Furthermore, trauma does not stop at the border. A plethora ofliterature attests to the traumatic impact of post-migration factors with which manyrefugees1are faced upon arrival in host countries (Bhugra & Gupta,2011; Greeneet al.,2017; Greene et al.,2019; Heeren et al.,2014; Schick et al.,2018; Schouler-Ocak et al.,2016; Sijbrandij et al.,2017; Silove et al.,2017; Ventevogel et al.,2019;Wenzel & Drož-dek,2018). In the post-migration context, stress and trauma may berelated to harsh living conditions, the erosion of mutual social support mechanisms,limited access to basic needs and services and lack of opportunities for maintaininglivelihoods and education (Greene et al.,2019; Weissbecker et al.,2018). Further-more, displaced populations may be facing these stressors in situations where thecapacity for self-help and mutual support has been negatively impacted by forcedmigration, the separation from families and communities, collective violence andmistrust (Sijbrandij et al.,2017).The severe impact of exposure to potentially traumatic events on the mental healthof this population are pervasive and profound. Trauma constitutes an urgent threat tohuman, social, cultural, and community development (d’Halluin,2009;Médécin Sans Frontières,2016; Ventevogel et al.,2019; Wilson & Drož-dek,2004). It istransmitted intergenerationally. The unprecedented number of displaced populationsaround the world are not only carrying the emotional scars of the traumatic eventsto which they’ve been exposed, and to which they continue to be exposed. Many aresuffering from the effects of intergenerationally transmitted trauma—and may riskcontinuing to transmit these effects in a way which perpetuates ongoing cycles ofviolence and conflict.The impact of trauma has become an object of increased attention since the turn ofthe century, both in the scientific domain but also within public discourse regardingthe influx of migrants into Europe and North America (d’Halluin,2009). In therealms of journalism, social media and public discourse more generally speaking,the idea of trauma is revoked repeatedly to testify to the significant level of mentalhealth difficulties (Summerfield,2000b). Attention to trauma has also increased inthe humanitarian field over the last decade in particular. Programmes focusing onmental health and psychosocial support now routine elements of a humanitarianresponse to refugee crises (Weissbecker et al.,2018). It has even been suggestedthat all forced migrants experience some degree of post-traumatic symptomatology(Copping et al.,2010). Furthermore, the psychological consequences of exposure totrauma and/or ongoing environmental stress in host contexts may impede process ofadaptation and acculturation (Steel et al.,2016). The vastness of the phenomena oftrauma and migration has therefore led it to become an urgent area of inquiry—withresearch into the ksey determinants of refugee trauma and potential opportunitiesto improve mental health now a pressing concern (Hall & Olff,2016; Tessitore &Margherita,2017).

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

616.8917 THE t

Penerbit

Switzerland : Springer Nature., 2021

Deskripsi Fisik

310 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

9783030677121

Klasifikasi

616.8917

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Psychiatry

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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