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E-book Argentina : Escaping Crises, Sustaining Growth, Sharing Prosperity
“Argentina: Escaping crisis, sustaining growth, sharing prosperity” is an analysis on the medium-term agenda to ensure growth and shared prosperity in Argentina and comes at a time when the country is embarking on deepening structural reforms while dealing with recent sudden financial market pressures that emerged in April 2018. The current government came into office at the end of 2015 facing a difficult legacy of macroeconomic and structural imbalances. It has made significant progress since then on important reforms. However, continued macroeconomic imbalances—with a primary deficit of 4.2 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2017 and inflation of 24.8 percent at the end of 2017—combined with
high external financing needs made Argentina vulnerable to increased emerging market turmoil at the end of April 2018, when the country experienced a large depreciation of the peso and a rise in country risk. In response, the government requested an emergency credit line with the International Monetary Fund in early May and accelerated some key reforms. This report was completed at the beginning of August 2018 amid Argentina’s continuing economic turmoil. The focus of the report is on medium- to longer-term development challenges in Argentina, rather than contemporaneous macroeconomic developments. The report looks at the policies needed to Argentina to end its vicious circle of 14 economic crisis since 1950, that the country experienced. This includes a substantial focus on macroeconomic policies to set in place the foundations for medium-term growth and shared prosperity by boosting jobs and productivity.1 Achieving macroeconomic stabilization is a precondition for creating a healthy and vibrant economy. But deep reforms in areas varying from enhancing domestic competition, to developing capital markets, to significantly improving education outcomes are necessary to ensure that the population benefits from a resurging private sector and renewed connection with the global economy. Learning from other countries’ experience in implementing structural reforms and gradually opening up their economies (like Australian reforms from the early 1980s and Sweden’s in the 1990s) is a long-term agenda, and a strong societal consensus will need to develop to support the changes for reformsto endure. Not to be underestimated is the importance of ensuring a strong safety net to support those who may be hit by structural changes in the economy.
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