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E-book Metaphysical Poems
‘Metaphysical poetry’ is a problematic term: it is broad and the phe-nomenon it denotes has blurred borderlines. In the eyes of some of the leading figures within classicist aesthetics, this description seemed pejorative, suggesting poems that were too detached from the rules of rationalised discourse, and often invoked contradictory ideas. T.S. Eliot pointed this out in his essay The Metaphysical Poets, commenting on the volume Metaphysical Lyrics and Poems of the Seventeenth Century: Donne to Butler, edited by Herbert Grierson.1 Eliot didn’t suggest his own definition of the term; but he defended the value and originality of the seventeenth-century English ‘meta-physical poets’ and their intellectual diversity, emphasising in par-ticular the work of John Donne, George Herbert, Edward (Lord) Herbert, Richard Crashaw, Andrew Marvell, Henry Vaughan and Henry King (to name the most prominent).The intellectual polyphony of those poets didn’t escape the notice of a poet and Harvard professor, Stanis?aw Bara?czak, whose intro-duction to his own Polish anthology of seventeenth-century English metaphysical poetry highlighted some elements common to the poetical praxis of those authors.2 Bara?czak followed the convention of pointing out two “lines” uniting seventeenth-century metaphysi-cal lyric poetry: the “strong lines” of style and – in particular – “the line of wit” (wherein he saw not only “grace and reasoning”, but, most importantly, a fundamental spiritual category allowing for expression of “grand existential drama”). From the perspective of seventeenth-century metaphysical poetry, what is especially inter-esting is not only the art of concetto (or ‘conceit’) and paradox, which enables expression of the “greatness and misery of the human being”, but also complications and problems which recur in the experience of seventeenth-century poets, such as: the co-existence of the religious and the secular; the aspect of “absence” or the “anxi-ety of insatiety” in the life of Man and his relationship with Nature and God (mutual interpenetration of the vertical and the horizontal orders); the search for the ‘hidden God’; and the experience of tragic and spiritual restlessness. All these phenomena will also be found in Adam Mickiewicz’s poems.
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