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E-book Pranksters vs. Autocrats : Why Dilemma Actions Advance Nonviolent Activism
I used to think I’d become famous for my music, not for activism. When I was just twenty, I released my fi rst album with the goth rock band BAAL. I played bass guitar and I was pretty good. We had a following. But then it became too hard to ignore what was happening in my country. The next thing I knew I was part of a student-led group that eff ectively took down Slobodan Miloševi?. Well, actually, that’s not exactly right. We didn’t just accidentally overthrow a dicta-tor. We used unique and specifi c tactics. Over the years, as I’ve worked with activists across the globe, I’ve refi ned my approach to the most eff ective techniques for overthrowing autocrats. I’ve had many thrilling experiences helping nonviolent shakers and shapers push for positive social change. In this process of turning my personal experiences into strategies and tactics I can teach others, I have come to realize that suc-cessful nonviolent movements tend to share a common ingre-dient: they use dilemma actions that force those in power into a lose-lose situation. In other words, if you can trap those in power in an irresolvable dilemma, the action is more likely to accomplish its goals. Th ose goals might include recruiting more supporters, spreading the movement’s vision, attract-ing attention to the cause, pressuring unjust leaders to cede power, or advancing democracy. I realized that if I could explain how, why, and to what extent dilemma actions suc-ceed in advancing democracy, I could help activist groups become far more eff ective—regardless of whether they were planning their next move in a café in Cairo or in a home offi ce in New York City. But before I explain all my goals for this project, let’s take a moment and play one of my favorite games. It’s called “Pre-tend Police.” It’s fun. Here goes. Pretend you’re the police in Ankara, Turkey. A few days ago, a couple of security guards in one of the busiest subway stations in town spotted a cou-ple making out on the platform. Being strict Muslims, the guards were annoyed by such immodest behavior in public, so they did the only thing they could really do, which was get on the subway’s PA system and ask all passengers to behave themselves and stop kissing each other. Because every-one in Ankara has smartphones, the incident reached the press within minutes; by the aft ernoon, politicians opposed to the ruling Islamist-based party realized that they had a golden egg in their hands. Th ey encouraged their sup-porters to stage huge demonstrations to protest this silly anti-smooching bias.
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