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E-book A Samaritan State Revisited : Historical Perspectives on Canadian Foreign Aid
Over the past two decades, Canadian international history has slipped its traditional North Atlantic moorings. Studies of Canada’s postwar relation-ships with a waning United Kingdom or an ascendant United States have faded in popularity, replaced with a stream of publications on relations with the decolonized states of Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean, countries whose citizens increasingly comprise the population of contemporary Canada.1The history of Canadian foreign aid, or official development assist-ance (ODA), however, remains a laggard. Reflecting the long-established tradition of Canadian missionary histories, the field favours their secular successors as they fled churches into the postwar volunteer sector, espe-cially at the United Nations and the Canadian University Service Overseas (CUSO).2 Although government aid agencies interacted with those groups, Ottawa’s ODA efforts have received much less attention. Yet Canada’s aid history was a complicated business, shaped by a broad range of forces, both internal and external. That history is only beginning to be written. This book seeks to enrich that story, while bringing Canada into global conver-sations on the history of development.3Keith Spicer’s pioneering study, A Samaritan State? External Aid in Canada’s Foreign Policy, remains the touchstone, even as it passes its fiftieth anniversary.4 Though a careful analyst, Spicer was a partisan in the debates he described and an advocate for doing aid differently. Other early histories of Canadian aid were prepared by stakeholders too. A classic example is the collection edited by Cranford Pratt in 1994, Canadian International Development Assistance Policies: An Appraisal, which already looked back to a lost golden age of Canadian aid.5 David Morrison’s Aid and Ebb Tide is the dominant institutional history of Canadian aid and of its major instru-ment from 1968 to 2013, the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). Part policy history, part administrative history, in the end, Aid and Ebb Tide is neither.6 Its focus on public statements of high policy leaves little room for the mundane, yet important, task of describing exactly how Canadian aid was conceived, administered, and delivered.
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