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E-book The Belgic Confession : Historical background, contextual meaning, contemporary relevance
During the evenings of 01 and 02 November 1561, a package containing a defensive plea [Dutch: verweerschrift] and an accompanying anonymous letter landed within the walls of the Castle of Doornik (Tournai). However, such a document never simply ‘falls from the sky’. The author, Guido de Brès, threw it over the wall within specific circumstances and with specific intent.This chapter intends to provide the relevant background to this document, which eventually became known as the Belgic Confession and which millions of Christians all over the world have used – and still use – to express their faith.The heading of this chapter has intentionally been formulated in a wide and even vague way. It could also have been formulated as ‘the contexts of the Belgic Confession’, as there are indeed several contexts that need to be taken into account for its sound understanding and application. On the one hand, there are the contexts within which it originated, especially the religious and political contexts. Half a century later, when the Belgic Confession had been accepted by the Synod of Dort (or Dordrecht) as one of what were later to be called the three forms of unity, the political context had shifted substantially. Since then, the broader societal context has shifted even more. While the Belgic Confession originated in the premodern era, and while it has been accepted by several groups during the modern era, we are currently in the postmodern era – in which there are still a number of groups who use this confession to express their faith.There have also been some changes made to the text of the confession. Some of these changes have been made during its natural development until its acceptance at the Synod of Dort on 31 May 1619. Since then, however, there have not only been several divisions (especially since 1834 and 1886) and mergers (1869, 1892 and as recent as 2014) within the Reformed family of churches, but different churches have also extended or migrated to different geopolitical locations. This also motivated, and even necessitated (e.g. Art. 36), different changes by different groups in different new locations. All of this means that one needs to be somewhat careful today when speaking of ‘the’ Belgic Confession, as if there is only one standard version of the text. That being said, the changes do not represent fundamental changes of faith at all but rather changes in the way that the tenets are being expressed.
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