Text
E-book Macrocriminology and Freedom
Ecocide is at hand in the next century unless great powers like China, the United States and Europe learn to work together on better global and national regulatory institutions and green markets for a global Green New Deal (Tienhaara 2018; Drahos 2021; Braithwaite 2021d). Unfortunately, green markets are as prone to corruption as any other. As we have seen with the Covid-19 crisis, times of global crisis are particularly prone to criminalised markets. Fake Covid tests, untested vaccines and scientific fraud proliferated during 2020–21 in darknet markets. Chapter 12 also concludes that economic crises produced by criminalised markets, ecological crises and security crises conduce to crime–war–crime cascades. Hence, an immodest hope for this book is that it gifts our grandchildren glimmers of a politics and a social science of hope for surviving the next century. The United Nations has demonstrated that it can reduce the risks of ecocide through climate agreements (for example, closing the ozone hole). My empirical conclusion is that it has demonstrated that it can reduce war, reduce crime and support freedom through modest investments in peacekeeping. Therefore, the study of the impact of the United Nations and global social movements on crime and freedom is as central to macrocriminology as is the study of state policies. It is also pivotal to the kind of grassroots politics Jane Addams hoped we would continue. But as her Nobel Peace Prize citation warned: ‘Those who set their sights on awakening and educating public opinion cannot expect swift victories of the kind that win popular acclaim’ (Koht 1972).The core argument of this book is that freedom is fundamental to building a low-crime society and crime prevention is fundamental to freedom. Sharp readers will detect this as partly tautologous. I define crime as conduct that threatens domination and then argue that crime increases domination and domination increases crime. Chapter 11 concludes that crime and domination are cascade phenomena. When crime and domination arise, they tend to reproduce instances of themselves. In the years of Covid, we all became that bit wiser about the science of contagion.
Tidak tersedia versi lain