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E-book Fragmenting the Chieftain

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Penilaian

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The transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age marks the start of an era of rapid development and change in European prehistory (Nebelsick 2000b, 220; Milcent 2012, 9–10; 2015, 42; Sørensen/Thomas 1989; Wells 2011). The first millennium BC has been referred to as the period in which Europe took shape with the appearance of a number of important ‘civilizations’, including the Celts and Germans, north of the Alps and increasing social and political complexity (e.g. Biel 1993; Broodbank 2013, Ch. 10; Champion et al. 1984; Collis 1984, 10–20; Milcent 2012, 9–10; Thurston 2009, 351; Wells 1984, Ch. 3). It is a period marked by contact, mobility and ever-increasing interaction between Northwest and Central Europe and the Mediterranean, even in the form of structured trade between far-flung reaches (e.g. Collis 1984; Frankenstein/Rowlands 1978; Huth 2012, 12; Kristiansen 1998, Ch. 6; Milcent 2012, 9–10; 2015; Schweizer 2010; Stary 1993; Wells 2008a; 2011). North of the Alps monumental settlement construction starts taking place, and during the 6th and 5th centuries BC the resultant so-called Fürstensitze dominate the landscape (Fernández-Götz/Krausse 2016ab; Kimmig 1969; Nakoinz 2013, 43–57).This was a time when new materials such as iron – the very material that lends this age its name – became common in the archeological record (Collis 1984; Kristiansen 1998, 211–9; Thurston 2009, 350–1). Tools and weapons now were not only made in bronze but also of iron, a substance that requires a different way of making and using. In contrast to the ores required to make bronze, iron ores generally are spread widely and available in most areas (Collis 1984, 28–32; Kristiansen 1998, 211; Thurston 2009, 350–1; Wells 2011, 410). The adoption, exploitation and use of iron (and other new materials and technologies) resulted in (or from) changes in the trade and contact networks crisscrossing Europe during the Bronze–Iron Age transition (Cunliffe 1997; Geselowitz 1988; Huth 2012, 14; Kristiansen 1998, Ch. 6; Taylor 1989; Thurston 2009, 350–1). These developments are thought to have involved profound social change and a new social order (Cunliffe 1997; Kristiansen 1998, 210; Rieckhof/Biel 2001; Wells 1984; 2011). A novel elite way of burying arose through which a select number of individuals were laid to rest with extravagant grave goods and their burials marked with impressive monuments. Variations of this burial rite are found in large parts of Northwest and Central Europe (Collis 1984; Fernández-Götz/Arnold 2017; Hansen 2011; Kossack 1974; Kristiansen 1998, Ch. 6; Makarová 2017; Pare 1992, 203; Tremblay Cormier 2017; Wells 2011).

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

930.1 VAN f

Penerbit

Netherlands : Sidestone Press., 2017

Deskripsi Fisik

238 hlm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

930.1

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

computer

Tipe Pembawa

online resource

Edisi

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Subjek

Archaeology

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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