The human body is an intricate network of multiple functioning sub-systems. Many unobserved processes quietly keep running within the body even while we remain largely unconscious of them. For decades, scientists have sought to understand how different physiological systems work and how they can be mathematically modeled. Mathematical models of biol…
The effects of neurodegenerative diseases on speech are well known. Phonation, articulation, prosody and fluency are speech characteristics strongly affected by Parkinson’s Disease (PD) [1]. On the other hand, it is also well known that neuroacustical stimulation based on binaural beats may modify the brain activity measured in the cortex by…
Healthy ageing is the ideal trajectory from birth to death. As we reach older age, physical changes are inevitable, but it is not simply the effect of these changes that makes ageing healthy or unhealthy. An older person may have many years of inca-pacity as they decline slowly towards death. Or they may be well and functioning happily until a very rapid shift into loss of life (the ideal of dy…
A variety of areas, like aerospace, communication, medical, sensing, and actuation, started enjoying the advantages of miniaturization with MEMS technology or microsystem technology. As a result, the field of MEMS evolved into an enabling technology in the mid-1990s and gave rise to the creation of many subdisciplines, such as optical MEMS, radio frequency (RF) MEMS, power MEMS, etc.…