Reaction kinetics basics: chemical mechanism structure; stoichiometry; rate equations for basic reactors; temperature and pressure dependence of rate coefficients; basic and statistical thermodynamics.
Combustion occurs when fossil fuels, such as natural gas, fuel oil, coal or gasoline, react with oxygen in the air to produce heat. The heat from burning fossil fuels is used for industrial processes, environmental heating or to expand gases in a cylinder and push a piston. Boilers, furnaces and engines are important users of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, meaning they are compose…
The first level (LV1) is those transformation-related theories for designing cloak-ing, concentrating, rotating, etc. Since the theory of transformation thermotics wasproposed for controlling steady and passive heat conduction in 2008 [1,2], extendedtransformation theories have been developed successively from steady and passiveto transient and active heat conduction [3]. Then, temperature-depe…
The laws of thermodynamics drive everything that happens in the universe. From the sudden expansion of a cloud of gas to the cooling of hot metal--everything is moved or restrained by four simple laws. Written by Peter Atkins, one of the world's leading authorities on thermodynamics, this powerful and compact introduction explains what these four laws are and how they work, using accessible lan…