The income estimates in the main sections of this report are based on the concept of money income, which is pretax and does not account for the value of in-kind transfers. Estimates of post-tax income and inequality are included in Appendix B. Real median post-tax household income exhibited a substantial decline in 2022 from 2021. This was due in part to the expiration of policies introduced in…
Bahasa Jawa ialah bahasa ibu orang-orang Jawa yang tinggal, terutama, di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dan Jawa Timur. Di Banten sebelah utara, di Lampung, di dekat Medan, dan di daerah-daerah transmigrasi di beberapa pulau di Indonesia terdapat pula orang-orang Jawa yang berbahasa ibu bahasa Jawa. Di New Calidonia dan Suriname juga terdapat kelompok penduduk bangsa Jawa. Pe…